The Righteous Hester Prynne of Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter

The Strong and Righteous Hester of The Scarlet Letter What lies screwing us and what lies before us are sm completely matters compared to what lies within us, utter Oliver Wendell Holmes. This eventually proves to be especially true for Hester Prynne, the main character in Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter. Hester Prynne, a fair young maiden whose save had disappeared cardinal years prior to the opening of the novel, has an affair with the pastor of her Puritan church, resulting in the birth of her child Pearl. Because of this act of adultery, Hester Prynne is branded by the scarlet garner A, which she is forced to forever wear upon her attire. The plot thickens as Hesters former husband returns to in the altogether England and becomes fixated upon the idea of revenge towards Hesters anonymous partner in sin. At the same time, the feeble pastor slowly begins to waste away towards the grisly gates of death. However, as those around her grow ever weaker or virtuously dec ayed, Hester grows ever stronger. Hester grows so strong and morally righteous that it appears that she is actually favor by Hawthorne despite her sin. The qualities which cause Hester to be favored are her traits of helpfulness towards others, her intense maternal love towards Pearl, and her defiance and pride demonstrated towards those who move to impose their values upon her. Even as those she assisted were cruel towards her, Hester remained free-hearted and helpful towards others. For example, after becoming recognized as a intelligent seamstress and gradually beginning to earn fairly large sums of money, Hester bestowed all her superfluous means in charity, on wretches less miserable than herself, and who not unfrequently insulted the hand that fed them.... ... compared with a persons true nature. For Hester Prynne, though she had sinned in her past, she came crossways as strong and admirable because she was a benevolent person on the inside. She sought purity and trut h to compensate for her unalterable past. Therefore, her wrongdoings were eventually lose in enlightenment of her better qualities. A coward can hind in the shadows of reputations and prejudgments, but only a hero can overcome these and eradicate to step into the daylight. Works Cited and Consulted Canby, Henry S. (1996). A Skeptic Incompatible with His clock time and His Past. Readings on Nathaniel Hawthorne (pp. 55- 63). San Diego Greenhaven. Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The Scarlet Letter. New York St. Martins, 1991. Scharnhorst, Gary. The Critical Response to Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter. New York Greenwood, 1992.

Alcohol And Driving While Intoxicated :: DUI, Drunk Driving, research papers

intoxicant and Driving While IntoxicatedAlcohol is a drug, a very popular drug. Alcohol has been around for a pertinacious time, and people have always enjoyed its effects. Many people havepassions for alcohol, whatsoever people have refrigerators filled with beer, manyothers are wine connoisseurs. Alcohol always seems to liven up the party. Butno madder what your gustatory perception is, alcohol can be very dangerous when combinedwith the process of an automobile. If you can flirt with merely a few things fromthis report remember this driving sot is unsafe to you, and everyone elsearound you. The crusaders of other cars, pedestrians, etc Driving intoxicated canalso be very, very costly restitution surcharges, insurance rates, tickets, fines.     You should on a lower floorstand what alcohol does to you before we go on. Alcoholis a depressant, and practically enhances your mood. If your angry, after(prenominal) a coupledrinks you may be quite perchan ce angrier. If you are sad, you probably willfeel sadder after some drinks. It is non dear(p) to drink and drive when you arein a good mood, only when your driving is also influenced by your mood. It can makeyou drive faster, pay attention less, etc Studys have shown that thecombination of anger, and beverage is responsible for lots of reckless driving.Not only can alcohol enhance your mood, but it has been proven that it canquickly alter your mood. When alcohol is consumed, it is not digested. Itpasses with your stomach and small intestine directly into the bloodstreamand is carried to all part of your body. It reaches your brain in small amounts.When alcohol is ingested in larger amounts, it dulls the stadium of your brainthat control inhibition, judgment, and self-control. Hopefully you can see howthis could be prejudicial to your health when driving. Drinking.     But how does alcohol effect my driving? To expand upon this, drinkingincreases your self -confidence, and inhibitions but lowers your drivingperformance (reaction times, stopping distance). You may feel give care you can doanything behind the wheel of a car after a six-pack. But you cant. Many, manyaccidents occur because of drinking. Most of these accidents involve only 1 car,but other people are killed by drunk drivers. There is a technique to protectyourself from drunk drivers. First, always get into your seat belt. Second, keepyour distance from anyone that may appear to be under the influence. Anyone whois swerving, or going to slow are good examples. But it is unattainable toprevent all of these accidents, people have to be educated or so drinking and

Comparison †Rendezvous and American Psycho Essay

tryst and American Psycho some(prenominal) collect an antihero a narcissistic psychopath, but do they at tout ensemble have more in common? And argon the two antiheroes like? American Psycho is a psychological thriller with satire, black comedy and horror. get together is a psychological short story. The American Psycho takes place in New York in the mid-eighties. Patrick Bate public is the of import character, a young, good looking man who works at an investment firm c on the wholeed Pierce and Pierce. He spends his vacant time among his extremely wealthy friends and colleagues from the yuppie manikin.In the yuppie culture, which started under the boom in the eighties, the stereotype is a greedy antithetical well-paid man in the financial sector with a conspicuous personal consumption. A stereotype which could as well be a description of Patrick Bateman. He is successful, rich and engaged, obviously a good life. He eats at the cover on places, wears the right designer c lothes, drinks the right drinks and listens to the right pop music on the right stereo. But Payton is simply empty, he does non have a self.In his search for individuation and need for genial integration in the yuppie class he get obsessed with the images narrated incessantly by pop music, advertising, ikons and the television. He tries to materialize his identity through consumer products, or more the product narratives. In his battle for identity his self becomes commercial, his whole identity and conception of earthly concern gets composed by plenitude medias narratives I consume, in that respectfore I am. He believes in the rewards implicitly promised in advertising and he has undertaken from his culture the precept that consumption somehow will satisfy him.But Bateman does not smell out the happiness, and the rewards are never as promised. Therefore Bateman has to get the satisfaction otherwise, which results in him killing and torturing people from prostitutes and homeless to models and colleagues. eveningn when he murders, he have to find his identity elsewhere. When he murders his colleague, Paul Allen, he find inspiration in axe-murders. Afterwards he uses Paul Allens name to rely crimes he tortures i. a. Christie and Sabrina in Pauls apartment. He too adopts identity from the chainsaw-massacre in atomic number 53 of his murders.It is possible that the murders also are the result of attempts to live his life by and by cinematic ideals, because he as mentioned builds his identity of narratives, among the cinema. The murders does not seem to have any rational moderateness he is neither advantaged nor protected by them. Bateman is best characterized as immoral, extremely narcissistic and, as he says himself in the monologue at the start, greedy. A funny detail which underline Batemans conceit is that he have reflective surfaces all over his house, for instance his kitchen, do in soaring-reflective materials, and the big mirrors in his bedroom.Many times through the movie Bateman is asked about his line of work. Im into, uh, murders and executions, mostly. At last he confesses all his murders on his lawyers answering machine. When Bateman next day confronts him with it, he thinks it is a joke but with one fatal flaw. Bateman is such a dork. such a boring, spineless lightweight. Now, if youd said Bryce and when Bateman tries to coax him he says that it cannot be true because I had dinner with Paul Allen twice in capital of the United Kingdom scarce ten days ago. It is a funny, equivocal statement. Everyone in his social circle looks like him.No one listens to him, since everyone around him are just as empty and self-absorbed as him. Through the movie he becomes more insane and kills more and more people. At the end-monologue he confesses that there are no more barriers to cross He wants his pain to be inflicted on others, and purge after admitting this he feels no catharsis. His confession has meant nothi ng. Bateman is not just a psycho he is an American psycho. He is a consumer which does not feel satisfied by consuming and he builds his identity on impossible narratives by mass media and in his hunting for satisfaction and identity kills.Bateman is actually a victim of narratives, he is in a state of chaos because inside doesn? t matter, the perception by others define ones identity and not the actual actions and thoughts. He is in a world of narratives where everything which cannot have a price mark is worthless and he believes it, and form his identity subsequently. Batemans search for identity through consumer goods, does not make him more satisfied, his consumer lust transforms into bloodlust. Rendezvous have two main characters, Payton and Kim, it takes place on an interstate in USA.Kim is a 15-year-old girl in tenth grade, doing a little youth rebellion or the guidance she sees it, proving a point. She regrets a little that she is not at home, ingest dinner, instead of being out in the cold, but tries to stay cool. At least she has a great story to signalise her friends. She is almost a stereotypical runaway. Payton is selfish and have as Patrick Bateman some narcissistic traits. It is implicitly told that he has murdered five people ,the priest wasn? t even sympathetic about him sending the flowers and visiting the funeral home, which he had done tercet out of five times after he d at rest(p) out on the Interstate.We must assume that Payton have killed people, even though it is not definitely. The same applies to Bateman, where the clean apartment, his many drawings of murders, and the lawyer who says he had dejeuner in London ten days ago, may indicate that all the murders was Batemans fantasy. Since the story ends with the rendezvous between Payton and Kim, where Kim hitch a lift, opens a access and hears loud drums, we must suppose that the five killings Payton have committed are on hitchhikers.Even though he does not seem to take the priest, he have sense of guilt for his murders, but tries to entitle them or play them down. Payton properly hope to get some indulgence by sending the flowers and tell the priest why else would he meet and tell the priest? When the priest says it is wrong and he should tell the police, he tries to convince himself that the priest is senseless and forget what the he have said, by stop number up. He has a cobra tattoo which tells us something about his personality, a cobra symbolizes something bad, surreptitious and dangerous.Maybe it could also symbolize temptation referring to Adam and Eve, where the snake coaxed Eve into sinning, which explains why he have killed several people. He is fixed at the outer assets, he have the two ultimate male experimental condition symbols, a Firebird and a Budweiser. The firebird is an expensive car with high status and self-promotion build in. His mood changes after the music, indicating that he is spontaneous and impulsive. Rendezvous and Ame rican Psycho have not much in common, turn out for the two narcissistic psychopathic antiheroes, Payton and Bateman.Their murders have no rational reason and they both attach importance to the outer assets. Apart from that they do not have much in common. Payton is cynic, but Bateman even more and also clarified. I do not think Payton? s murders are a fight for identity. American Psycho handles some completely other subjects than Rendezvous. As I see it, the American Psycho questions the consumer mindset and the narratives in the mass media. I see no obvious subject in Rendezvous. It could be a search for excitement and new adventures, which both Payton and Kim does.

What is Socially Believed to be Beautiful

You can never be in any case thin or too rich, said the Duchess of Windsor. She might have added or too pretty. What psychologists c each(prenominal) the attractiveness stereotype is so strong that bang is literally equated with goodness. Good-looking people argon not only preferable for dates, fri wind upships and caprioles, theyre believed to have much intelligence and integrity. It goes without saying that the beauty bias is withal much powerful and universal for wo custody. Beautiful women argon thought to be more feminine, and femininity is associated with being emotional, passive and nurturing (Heilman).Theres not much good-for-nothing news about being gorgeous. Helena Maria Viramontes unload Clairol focuses on this point. She uses the characters of mother and daughter, Arlene and Champ, to emphasis the vanity of our culture and the reliance on the products required for a transformation into what is socially believed to be beautiful. Recently in history, women, who w ere far from being pawns and victims, used makeup to decl be their freedom, identity, and conjure upual entice as they flocked to enter public life.The first social history of American beauty culture a richly textured account of how women created the cosmetics manufacture and how cosmetics created the modern woman. You dont need the latest census to tell you that America is, more than ever, a rainbow of faces with worldwide roots. More and more women of African, Hispanic, Asian, and Native American heritage ar celebrating their own personal beauty, and the cosmetics industry is responding. Viramonte uses the character of Champ to testify the changing mood in America towards the need to fall in line for men and the cultures expectations.Arlene is from an older generation that requires a man for survival. This was a time of womens rights and freedom of expression. The women argon entering the workplace side by side of men and the rules would change towards the believe of beauty is required to attend in life (Heilman). It is very unfortunate, just very beautiful women argon patronized in professional situations, sexually harassed in hidden and hassled on the street in greater numbers than their less sensational sisters.A breathtaking beauty can be isolated by both the jealousy of other women and mens fear of rejection. Extremely beautiful women can also fall into their own sn ars. Some never contend themselves beyond their looks, and end up in considerable fear of losing them. (In pith age, exceptional beauties have been found to be less happy than average-looking women. ) But, considering all the returnss, Please dont hate me because Im beautiful can sound like a ridiculous whine. Most of us would take the gamble.Because what is beautiful is sex-typed, attractive men are thought more competent, and attractive women less competent (Heilman). showy women have a significant edge landing management positions because they are more able to step out of sex roles in the job market,says psychologist Barry Gillen. The implication is that it pays to appear as unattractive and masculine as assertable to succeed in traditional organizations. If all other factors being equal, the openhanded earn 10% more than the homely, and that the situation was worse for men than women (Wall roadway Journal).Overall the attractive earn higher salaries, but a dislocation revealed that the advantage applied to men, older subjects and people in male jobs, but was not true for women, younger subjects and young-bearing(prenominal) jobs (Heilman). The only aspect of merged success that other executives dont associate in some way with any gender or appearance, says Madeline Heilman of New York University. A woman whose ascent is bustling is considered to have risen due to her merit.Maria Viramontes Miss Clairol hits on the point of how sex an achievement into adulthood. The characters are shown to be mere objects to men, and sex is only a tool required to transport them to their belief of the American dream little yellow house with a white scout fence, couple of kids, a dog, and a wonderful hard working save as shown on television. Young women are warned, Men only motivation one thing Older women have been heard to say, So where are those sex maniacs? As comedians know, timing is everything.Psychologists who examine biology to explain the differences mingled with mens and womens attitudes toward sex connect mens greater concern with a partners appearance to the evolutionary imperative to carry on the species Men are seeking sex with a woman young enough to fork over children. Women, on the other hand, look to a mans status (often indistinguishable in our society from his bank account) to ensure protection while bearing and feel for for the next generation. Its a numbers game, say evolutionary psychologists many sperm, a few(prenominal) eggs. Men were programmed to sow as many seed as realistic (screw anything that moves) .Women were engineered to save their health and energy during the long human gestation head (could easily prefer a nap or a raciness to eat). Though it may preserve elements of our evolutionary past, sexual attraction is more influenced by current cultural standards. The problem comes up when the standard is Barbie. Women enounce themselves more harshly than men do. The majority of women believe men urgency them to be thinner, bustier and blonder than they are. Men prefer a strikingr ideal female figure than women do. Eighty-four percent of women think men prefer blonde hair the real figure is 35%.Men tend to kick upstairs women with the same hair color they have. Men tend to think theyre bonny just as they are. Women substantially overestimate societys fixation on large breasts (Peacock). Women, who indirect request better bodies arent just trying to please men, but are motivated by personal ideals. Today, 47% of normal-weight American women who think they are too fat are making themselves unhappy by purchase into the improbable supermodel standard. Just as Champ is fixed on gathered all the photos of ideal women from magazines. Champ and all women are lost in a void of what they believe are the aesthetics of beauty.What men want is not nearly as extraordinary as women might imagine. Psychologists and their boundary attractiveness stereotype are so strong that beauty is literally equated with goodness. Good-looking people are ceaselessly going to have the advantage in our culture. Thats just the way it is, and most likely always will be. The shift is towards truth and not ignorance smart people are winning more engagements. The truth of it all is that in the end the battle of vanity, an undue pride in ourselves and our appearance will always end with us when we are all alone.

Oriet Gadish – Ceo of Bain & Co

I ar residualed up working for the upright wriggle ii person in he military afterwards the main(prenominal) of staff. It was a pretty enkindle place to be because only of the Information-?e actu eitherything actu whollyy-?was incorpo regulate through on that point. I acquire to bed with an rottenly lot of Information, to be real responsible, and to work long hours. only when in addition, when t here were regular(a)ts t iodine give the axeing on, I was in the war investion, which is a pretty confined space, and I learned to induct respect for separate bulk plainly also non to be intimidated by them, because theyre passel. I weigh that au pastti travel toy gartered me later on through reveal(a) my political machineeer.I also saw people making in truth big decisions, action and death decisions, and I arrive atd that you can incessantly afford to withstand perfect Information, nonpargonil hundred dismantle of what you need, In prescribe to st igma a decision. Later on, when I conceive of roughwhat the stylus we do stock at chafe, where we emphasize providing clients with solutions that atomic number 18 oper sufficient quite a than perfect and where we often take hold to make decisions based on rickety information, I depend gage to those days. And it just reinforces the idea that you can constantly feed perfect information in orderliness to make a decision.I pretend I was tongue to understand that fully at the clock except it has certainly Influenced me. The army also exposed me to all polar kinds of people. The Israeli army brings to payher people from m unceasinglyy distinct cultures because Israel Is truly much(prenominal) an Immigrant country it stable Is. The Israeli is a myopic moment European, a little buffalo chip Middle Eastern, a little bit American, and within those broad groups there atomic number 18 so many contrastive cultures as well. From Europe, for example, the Israeli is a little bit German, a little bit Polish, a little bit French, a little bit-?you earn it.And so I learned to be aw ar of distinguishable cultures and to jut disclose deferent opinions. And somehow I hind all of that influenced me as well, although once more I was probably too young to register It at the time. subsequently the army, I got my undergraduate degree In psychology at the Hebraic University. I therefore started my doctorate, headstrong thats non what I needinessed to do and, long story, I cease up in the United States at Harvard Business School. The HUBS Experience My MBA has played an incredibly important role in my c areer.I wouldnt be where I am today with come to the fore it. Saddles -1- Initially, I plant out to earn a Doctorate in Business Administration (DAB) and afore vox populi(ip) to get an MBA along the counsel. I had imagined I was personnel casualty to t each(prenominal). So I started with the unite program that quadruple or five of us got into, which meant you could do the MBA and the DAB in four years. full to be on the honor sufficient human face, I trenchant to finish the MBA counterbalance. later on that, when I started my DAB, I decided that business was not something I compulsivirtuosod to teach. It was something I cute to practice. O walkout an MBA, I probably wouldnt be doing what Im doing at all and I talent not steady be in this country. HUBS was, in effect, the only schooldays I applied to, mostly because it didnt require a background in economics or another(prenominal) subjects as most business schools did. I also had a friend who had canvas at HUBS, and when he let looseed intimately the jazz it regulatemed very interesting. So I decided to submit an application. I actually wrote it in Hebrew and had somebody translate it for me. thereforece, alone to be on the safe side, I also took that application to Wharton and they accepted me, literally, on the spot.They were also going to give me a wisdom, only if I would wee-wee had to study statistics during the summer and I decided I didnt regard to do that. So I came to Harvard, which didnt give scholarships for the MBA program. Also, inflation was rattling high at the time so it was expensive to take out a loan. yet because I was also in the DAB program, I got a scholarship for my doctoral work, which, when I didnt finish the DAB, became a standing loan. That was the only way I could afford HUBS and get through the program. HUBS was my introduction to the United States.I would meditate subject fields with my mental lexicon. I relieve remember the runner case. It was eleven pages including the exhibits and it took me six hours to choose. I was pretty desperate because literally every second word I had to look up in the dictionary. And the dictionary didnt give any business meaning to most of the row. For example, the dictionary described he word comp binglent part as organism something astir(predicate) giving to nonprofit organizations. So edition the cases was highly time consuming and hard. And then(prenominal) I would take my dictionary to the classes or to exams. Exams were the worst.It would take me three times as long to read an exam. Id always sit in the first row and if it was a actually long exam, Id write at the end, This took me three hours and twenty-five minutes to write, merely heres what I would have d integrity(a) had I had time to actually lapse the calculator. In class, I forced myself to speak even though that was troubleatical too because of the language. If I couldnt find a word, Id use six words to express the idea. I vertical had to force myself to do things standardised that and thats how I learned position. I also had never seen television, only when Id heard virtually advertisements.We didnt have TV advertisements in Israel there were n cardinal. So I went to a classmates dorm room and I would turn on the TV to see what the ads looked the likes of . I also had never been to a large supermarket. So I went to a supermarket to see what it looked like and how products were set up and so on and so forth. virtuoso time, we had a final exam on cereal, something that I had never tasted. I simmer down dont like it, but at the time, I didnt k now what it was and I couldnt imagine there were six juvenile varieties and why would you want more? I also had no idea who Johnny Carson was.So I was learning quickly to the highest degree the United States and its culture, and I was learning the language. I had no problem when there was a case in washout or almost anywhere international. however I had a problem when Johnny Carson or cereal was part of the case. Gaudies -2- In school, I nonrecreational almost no attention to the particular that I was a charr. I had enough challenges learning English, figuring out business resigns, figuring out how to study even though I couldnt read English as quickly as my peers. In fact, I had one cours e where the cases were forty or fifty pages long.I went to the professor and I verbalise, Are there any particular cases that I should read? Because I can read each one of those every day Witt my Angels n. Ana en salad , Well, winy dont you pursuely all T ten class I thought to myself, Well, I dont call up to. And I did, actually, get an excellent grade in that class. I studied all divers(prenominal) areas of business as well. I hypothecate it was important for me to not get too pointed on any one area at that archaean stage. Had I completed my doctoral program, I would have focuse on marketing because I was interested in that.But instead I took a broad mix of courses in my second year. I benefited from that and, actually, that absolutely has helped me throughout my career. I learned that you should be able to focus on one or two things and be extremely technical at them but if you lose your curiosity round other things youre not going to be good even in the hardly a(pr enominal) things you focus on. Youll be much too narrow minded or much too narrowly focused. The other interesting thing virtually HUBS was the case method. The first class I as in, I thought, This is nuts. Then I realized that it was a great teaching method because it forces you to be entangled.It forces you to be a part of the discussion. It forces you to listen to the way other people remember well-nigh a problem. Youre active as opposed to retributive passively listening to a lecture. And it allows you to draw on things that are not in the case but that maybe you learned that morning in marketing. I am on the HUBS Visiting Committee and every now and then they teach a case. I Just love it. I very enjoy it. And once more, almost always in real life you make decisions based on imperfect information to some degree, and the case method is a good exercise to prepare you for that.Early Career Its very hard when you are Just coming out of an MBA program to pick up out what life is in truth going to be like and offer for a Job. But I was drawn to consulting because of the problem-solving part of it, which has always been my interest. And what I loved about bother and Company was how practical it was. It was not about reports it was about results. Its still not about reports. Its still about results. I have still never looked at a report. I dont speak out there is any other adviser who can check out that.And it was very clear, when Bill ail talked about the play along, that he and the other people at agony were passionate about results. Focusing on results calls for a different way of doing consulting. Now, mind you, I could barely write good English so the idea of not composing reports was a big irrefutable for me. But I care the idea that you really were thinking about results and implementation and not Just a report. That causes you to think about how youre going to communicate with clients, what youre going to communicate, and how perfect the information has to be to find a workable solution.Thats different from happily consulting, where the focus is to convince clients that the solution is theirs and that its the office solution for them so they Gaudies -3- will implement it. At Pain, it was all about solutions and implementation, and that appealed to me. Bill Pain had been the modus operandi two guy at capital of Massachusetts Consulting Group (BCC) and, by all accounts, was going to be running BCC eventually. But his idea of focusing on results was at the time a essentially different way of approaching consulting.BCC focuses on ideas and on developing tools that we all still use today and I give them honorable mention because theyre fantastic tools. But Bill cherished to take it a step set ahead and not Just leave clients with ideas. He wanted to focus on results, not reports. That was revolutionary at the time. Changing course for a gravy holder that was working very well-?and BCC was doing extremely well an d was very highly regarded -?would not nave Eden easy. So 3111 tarter Nils own consulting Tall. I Nat was ten Pain I Joined and thats how we differentiate ourselves from our competitors.Being anchored in this idea of results not reports limits us focused. So were constantly asking ourselves, when I call Monday morning at 800, what is the client actually owing to have to do in order to make our recommendations happen? The case is not finished unless we know what travel hes going to take to implement the solution. And theres something I call the 80-100 rule, which means you dont want a 100 percent perfect solution if an organization at this time in its history cannot implement it. Its better to have an 80 percent solution if the organization can implement it.Eighty times one is eighty 100 times zero is zero. This practical approach, focusing on strategy and results, is what we call our authoritative North. And with that you have meeting you can explicate around and grade on. Eve rybody in the organization knows that that is the core of what we do. You can build unsanded practices, you can experiment with new ideas, you can also bm very quickly and change, as long as you know that this is the focus that youre all working toward. And I think it has lookd us very well. initiative Client My first major client was a company in the make labor, which was, at the time, an uncommon place for a woman.I worked in the poise industry for about five years. We worked on all different aspects of the industry, but at the end of the ay one of the things we evaluate out was how they could save an awful lot of coin by endlessly casting almost 100 percent of the blade. At that time, there was some continuous casting going on, mainly in Japan, but it was more common to reset the business processes for every different type of firebrand needed. We discovered, however, that if the company could move to continuous casting, they would be able to save between $80 and $100 per ton.The issue was that in order to continuously cast firebrand, you could use only one mix. But there are many different varieties of steel, requiring different mixes, that different customers need. there are different alloys you add to steel to make it high quality, lower quality, stronger, softer-?whatever. But we thought if we could sheer the number of steel varieties and the number of mixes used, we could introduce continuous casting and save a lot in the production process. That was unheard of in the United States. Gaudies -4- Everybody said, No, customers wont want it. So I went and talked to customers and found that they actually would be happy to do that. We found that there were a lot of customers who were perfectly happy to take a higher(prenominal)-quality steel as long as they didnt have to pay much more for it. Then I was stuck with a metallurgist who said that it could not be done. He explained to me why there are 300 different kinds of steel. I didnt know anyt hing about metallurgy but I went through all of the varieties of steel and had him explain to me what each one of those steels was meant for and then I asked questions and triggered him to think. If we added aluminum to this, would this still satisfy this kind of customer? He said, Oh, yes, that would be much higher quality than they need. We were able to bring the number of varieties down room 300-and-some to thirty. By the end of the discussion, the guy absolutely believed I knew metallurgy, which I did not. It was Just this practical way of working. The company did and so build a continuous caster, and they did indeed save a lot of money, and they did indeed turn around from being number I dont know what to Deluge under one In proactively In ten country.I gnats an example AT ten work we 00 at Pain. Its invigorating to have real impact like that. Being a Woman in Business The first time we met with both the chief operating officer and the SCOFF of the steel company, I had two p resentations to give. I was with one of the founders of Pain. My motorcoach was there too. In fact, I was the most Junior person there. At one point, the SCOFF was talk of the town about how he was going to pitch a tour for us of the other steel companies. In the steel industry, companies shared a lot of information with each other. They still do in order to prevent accidents and so on, for safety reasons.Anywayay, the SCOFF was lecture quite enthusiastically about arranging a tour for us and then he stopped and froze. He was looking at me and then he said, Well, I dont know about Root. Nobody had any confidential information what he was talking about. Then he said, Well, you see, women are considered bad fortune in our industry, and everybody froze, the chief operating officer and all the people in our group from Pain and Company. I Just turn around and said, Well, in that case, I think that you should make sure that I go to every oneness one of your competitors. That bro ke the ice and that was it.I went on to work in the steel industry for five years. I loved it. They even do a picky hat for me. It said, Root Gaudies and then it said, The Little Light Will carry on Us, because my style Root comes from the Hebrew word for light. I was definitely one of the guys and I enjoyed it. Actually, there was one other funny story. In the steel industry, people used to use a lot of four-letter words. At the beginning, people would realize I was there and it would make them uncomfortable. They utter, Oops Im sorry. Theres a lady in the room. I remember once sitting in a room with the guy who later became the CEO.And he said something that had a four-letter word in it, and suddenly he said, Oh, theres a lady in Gaudies -5- the room. And he turned to me and he said, miss, and as I was saying to you yesterday, Root, and he repeated it again so he actually make a point, which is kind f fun. Another time, there was a big meeting and this was clearly holding everybody up. So I looked for the right time and I used one of those four-letter words in a sentence the way they did, and that was it. They were comfortable talking again. And then we were Just working and moving forward together.I thought, if thats the language here, then thats fine. The lesson I learned was never to take it personally when somebody thought that a woman couldnt do something, whether it was a client or even a colleague at Pain. For example, once at Pain, very early on, one of the menders, one of the managers, and I were visiting a client. At one point, the founder said, Dan, why dont you go and talk to X? Root, why dont you go and talk to-?oh Actually, Im not sure how hed react to a woman. I didnt say anything then but the beside day, I knocked on his door and said, Did you realize what you did yesterday? And he said, No. What did I do? I told him and then I said, l completely understand. But if I dont get a chance, then none of us, not Pain, not you, and not l, will ever know if I can actually talk to people like that and if we can have a productive conversation. He was very thoughtful. And the next time we went together to a meeting, he gave me a chance to have an important conversation. The conversation went well and that was that. I had taken some state for managing the situation. I hadnt gotten upset. And I knew that this was not personal. It was the same with clients.Id walk in Ana young would always assume Tanat I was ten most Junior person. I learned to use both a sense of humor or other little tricks to force them to forget that I was a woman and to Just focus on what we were doing. One time, for example, I was with he CEO of a company in the Midwest. Id actually been on the case for a while. I was a manager. I had a brand new consultant with me, a young guy named Paul. We were sitting talking with the CEO. I would ask a question and the CEO would listen to me and then he would direct his response to Paul. It made it difficult for us to really engage in a discussion.So when the CEO went out to say something to his secretary, I told Paul, Every time I ask a question, when Im done, Just look at me, so the guy will get tired of looking at your ear. Hell have to look at me as well. And, honest to God, Alfa an hour later, the guy was Just looking at me and we had a good discussion, and we continued to have good discussions after that. I never had to say a word. You can have a sense of humor. You can know that its not personal. And you can Just find creative ways to solve the problem. But at the end of the day, the most important thing is that you deliver. Thats not unlike what guys have to do.And frankly, in most cases, once people get over the fact that youre a woman and start focusing on what youre saying and what youre doing and the results that you provide, the fact that over a woman is completely forgotten. Its like in the steel business. After a certain point, I dont think they could even remember that at one point in time that they even thought about me being a woman versus a man. The Automotive effort Later, I worked in the automotive industry with a major car company. We started with two little projects but quickly discovered something not related to either one of those Gaudies -6- projects.We realized there was too much complexity in the number of options for cars being offered. Basically, you could have any combination of options you wanted. So the car manufacturers were producing cars with all kinds of options, and not necessarily based on market studies of the combinations customers preferred. So there were either too many cars that people were not peculiarly interested in or it would take a year to get your car with the options you wanted. We calculated that there were about ten billion combinations of Just about every car line they had and that was, of course, absurd.That didnt make sense for suppliers, for dealers, or for manufacturers. So we came up with a program to reduce the number of combinations of cars made in the plant from ten billion to Just fourteen. If somebody wanted a special car, they could still order it but it would take longer. To reduce the number of combinations so dramatically, we went back and looked at all the cars that were purchased. From all of that data, we figured out which combinations people preferred. Our findings were pretty intuitive actually. The salespeople said the dealers would hate it.In fact, the dealers were enraptured because too often they had cars sitting on the lot that nobody wanted. The customers liked it because we had figured out the options they tended to prefer so they werent walking away with options they didnt really want. And of course the manufacturing team loved it because you could save a hell of a lot of money by streamlining production and limiting the number of combinations you had to manufacture. Initially, incomplete the salespeople nor the marketing people liked it, because they reall y believed that customers wanted all Kolas AT pitons.From ten time AT Hoar, when you could n any color you wanted as long as it was black, to Sloane, where you could have absolutely anything you wanted, the industry had gone from one extreme to the other. To make a long story short, we were able to convince the marketing and sales people that this would work. And eventually we were able to come up with this program, which reduced the time to delivery from months and months to days. And throughout the entire system, from the suppliers to the manufacturers to the dealers, we ended up saving this company on the order of $9. Billion a year. This was in the late sass. Id say the company was knightly of our work and we were proud of our work. We learned some of this from Toyota and Ionians. But you learn from wherever you can. If youre really good at what you do, you learn in one industry from what somebody doing in another industry. Thats one of the benefits of working on a broad set o f issues in diverse industries and always bringing them into whatever youre doing. Hard clock at Pain After all of these years, I think ingleside on precisely what happened is kind of irrelevant.The fact is that the founders of Pain started to take some money out. They had some bad ad unrighteousness from an investment banker and they took too much money out of the company. That meant the company was burdened with a lot of debt relative to its size, with a very high interest payment going forward. The model they had used was based on the company growing at a refit of 50 percent a year. Although the company had grown at Gaudies -7- that rate in the past, it was, of course, not practical. To make a long story short, that was an un confirmable model.The first inkling the rest of us had of the situation was when the founder fired people, which was a complete break in the unwritten social agreement that existed at Pain and Company. Because were a consulting firm and this was an SOP, th e labor department eventually made the whole transaction public. Thats how the rest of us learned what, exactly, was happening. After that, we had to turn around the company without the founder. But Ill give Bill Pain credit he was the first one to realize that he had made a mistake. He asked baseball mitt Rooney to come and help and then Bill Pain worked hard to try and help turn the situation around.The founders had to give back some money. We had to negotiate with banks, and so on and so forth. But its a situation that very few service firms have ever survived. In fact, we were told by an investment bank that we were not going to survive. But we asked Mitt Rooney, who was then head of Pain Capital and had been Vice president of Pain and Company, to come back. He really helped us negotiate tit the banks and handled other issues related to the situation so that the rest of us could focus on our clients and on our people, since those were the only assets we had left.Re frame upatio n is the third asset a company like ours has, and that was shaky given the fact that the story was in the news. So the rest of us focused on clients and on our people. We worked hard too to make sure that our most important people didnt defect. Headhunters were calling every single person in the company. We also focused on our clients. Our existing clients knew what we were doing to root the rises so we were okay there. It was more difficult when we went to beauty contests Tort likely new clients Ana our competitors would leave ten latest Fortune or Forbes or whatever saying what was going on at Pain.It was getting those new clients that mattered most to us. And thats what we focused on. Internally, we had a few defections. But when I think back, there was only one major defection, in terms of the mainstay people, that I really matte bad about. So we managed to avoid portion defections. I remember one day somebody came into my office and said, l want to talk to you about a Job offer. I was vice president, and I was a real open door, so these people felt comfortable talking to me. And I thought, in this particular case, this guy is so much better at consulting than he would be at what he was going to do, and I said that to him.He said, Well, but I dont want to be the last one here. Everybodys talking to headhunters. Isnt that right? I realized he was right. So I called every headhunter I was talking to and said, Dont call me, which was actually taking a risk. I decided to stay with Pain and Company unless things fell apart. So the next time somebody name into my office and said, Everybodys talking to headhunters, I was able to say in all honesty, Well, Im not. Im absolutely committed to staying here. Soon after, the first guy came back to me to prescribe me that he too had decided to stay at Pain after I told him I wasnt going anywhere.And I asked him to do something that was very counterintuitive. I asked him to go out and tell people that he had recei ved a Job offer, that he had seriously considered taking it, that he had in fact said yes to the offer Gaudies -8- and that he had decided instead to stay with Pain. He said, I can do that. You dont do those things. You dont want people to know. I said, What? You told me that everybodys talking about leaving, or at least talking to headhunters, but nobody talking about the fact that they have decided to stay.I think its a pretty powerful story. So he hesitated, and then he concur to spread the word about his decision. That was the beginning of a about-face of what could have been a mass defection. I then became chairman, but I perceive the leadership of this firm as a partnership. The partnership really is what comes first when we think about our governance. I was chosen through a selection process by all of the partners. The key criteria centered on people who are very good at what we do in our business.Throughout the history of Pain and Company, our selection of leaders center s on the people here who have the most impact with clients. We wanted a chairman who would serve as a role model in that. So in our company, people in senior positions continue to work with clients and not Just to sell but also to do the real consulting work. I still have clients I work with, and its the only way to (a) withstand me interested, (b) keep me up to date on whats really going on with clients, with our company, with our team, and so forth And (c) keep the consulting we do strong.If you take senior people away from the consulting, which they are good at, and shift them to doing only administrative work or interchange or public speaking-?all of which we do too of course-?then their experience is not available to the clients and its not available as mentoring to your own team. So I agreed to become chairman on the condition that I would be able to continue to work with clients. I think that sets us apart from other professional service firms. Today, all of our senior peop le, the ones who are the most highly regarded, continue to work tit clients and, most importantly, they want to continue to work with clients.The clients are always canalling. I en problems are always canalling. So Its Important to keep learning. This is a pretty exciting business because of that. And, in my case, I play an international role as well. I work with international Coos. And I mean I really work with them, I do not Just interact with them. Its very exciting to see how Coos think, how government and business interact in different countries, how culture affects business, etc. Its fascinating. I love the international aspect of my work. I Just sis I didnt have to travel so much for it. I dont like to travel, but I love what I do when I get there.In terms of time management, I used to say that I spend 70 percent of my time with clients. Thats probably unbowed but I probably work more than 100 percent of my time. But really you dont break it up that way. When Im abroad, for example, I big businessman do client work in the morning. Then I might talk to U. S. Clients in the evening or talk with my secretary about administrative issues. I meet with our people in our various offices to talk about their clients or internal issues. I might be giving a beech in Germany, for example, and then work with people from the office on the way over there.If you have a lot of energy, you can put a lot of things together. Its not a precise science. It is not even a precise art, but it is an art. You Just have to have a lot of energy and to really love what youre doing. Gaudies -9- Critical Success Factors I dont tend to think about myself much. Im very goal oriented when I go forward. But I think a big part of what consulting does has to do with psychology and learning to really listen to what people are saying both verbally and nonverbally. Having a True North has also been key. It has kept us focused on strategy and results as inseparable.Strategy combined with resul ts is very powerful. Strategy without results is meaningless, and results without strategic thinking may not be very productive or useful. So combining almost everything we do with strategic thinking and results is critical. There were times when we actually had to fight to keep that. We had a lot of discussions about it. We ended up calling it our True North, and today it is Just part of the language here and part of how we think about critical decisions. Well say, This is a real true-north question, when we have a really difficult decision to make.We have even resigned from some pretty moneymaking(a) projects when we didnt believe that results were going to happen. We do it with dignity, after a lot of discussion, but those are hard things to do. For example, a large Fortune 50 company got into trouble. We were asked to come in and help them. We helped them turn around financially but we also saw they had to turn around strategically. This was one of our major clients. We were in volved in almost every aspect of their business. Anywayay, the papers were writing about what a great turnaround they were doing, and so on and so forth.The CEO was on the cover of all kinds of magazines. But strategically, we believed that they could not be involved in the four businesses they were in-?that, eventually, they would not be able to sustain that business model. There was one business they clearly should have gotten out of, but it was part of the legacy of the CEO, and he didnt want to get out of it. We did all of the analysis and all of the people in the organization agreed with us. But we couldnt convince the CEO. For six months, I had discussions with him. We had data. We Ana eve n Eng. Ana teen we Salad, Well, In Tanat case, we Delve Tanat you cant thrive.You may not even survive long-term. We suggested that they might want to sell themselves to somebody at that point, and we identified who might be the best buyer for them. Instead of going that route, they continu ed on with the four businesses. We decided to tell the CEO what we thought, that not moving in a more forceful strategic way could cost him the company. Since he didnt budge, we said we would resign, although I asked him for permission to go to the board, which, to his reedit, he let us do. One of my colleagues and I went and presented our views to the board.The board was split but eventually decided to side with him, and that was that. We resigned. Less than a year later, they came back to us and said, Mimi were right, and could you please help us now. At that point, they had no option but to sell. They would not have been prepared to sell had we not pushed for that earlier. And we might not have suggested that had we not been following our true north. We really told them what we believed and even though there were split of other things we old have continued to work with them on-?for tens of millions of dollars-?we really decided that was not the right thing to do.When they came back to us, we helped them sell. The social issues had Gaudies -II- been resolved by then. There was less money than they could have gotten the year before, but the shareholders still did pretty well. As the CEO and SCOFF said later on, If it werent for your guys and your willingness to take to what you believed, we probably would be bankrupt. If you have a true north and a set of core values that you stick to, you will end up making decisions that have short-term costs. But I believe, at the end of the day, they will have a long-term value.Its not something you do easily. And it feels horrendous-?first because you feel like you failed to convince a client to do something, which is what consulting is all about, and second because of the short-term costs. Its a hit to the collective pocketbook and to your own. But when you have a true north like we do, its really what allows you to deal with internal divisions and external adversity at the end of the day, and I think were very luck y that we have that. I think it can attain a distinctiveness from your peers or your mediators, and I think thats invaluable.Changes in the Industry I think the world has come back to where it was before the e-craze. There used to be consultants who were mostly focused on IT. There are companies that are focused mostly on informational stuff. And there are companies that are focused, as a headline, on strategy. Thats where we are except that we have always focused on the operations side as well as the strategy side of a business. We believe you cant do one without the other. And then there was a period during the e-craze when everybody tried to do everything. We didnt and I think it has served us well.

Principles of Assessment in Lifelong Learning Essay

1.1 Analyse how types of valuement are utilizationd in long skill perspicacitys should be a regular march it might non al musical modes be formalised, but you should be observing what your students are doing, request questions and reviewing their supercharge throughout their time with you. Gravells A. Page 113.Has the outcome of my instruct been as expected was there room for improvement? This base be roundd through judicial determination there are different agencys to take hold out this out.Initial Assessment It is my responsibility to do this before a lesson or course is delivered. This testament help determine how I leave plan for the session so it flocks and meets expectations for me the teacher and also the students. This forget range any prior be intimateledge, the stages the students are at and any special or specific requirements that are shooted. Types of initial assessments are * Tutor observations* One-to- genius interviews. This get out help me l earn if the learner is on the right course and what assignments they must(prenominal) do to complete the course. * Competency tests (maths, ICT and literacy). This will help me see if the students are competent in these skills. If there is any weakness I mint then pinpoint those to the right people to help with them improve. * Essay writing. This will show me if the student is competent with their literacy skills. thither will be a lot of written work throughout the course.Formative Assessment is an on-going process. These will take place during the lesson. This can take the form of * Quizzes and puzzles. With multiple excerpt answers will help me to see if the students produce learned anything from their previous set of lessons. * Verbal question and answers. This will help me see if the students compreh arrest the topic.* Journals. also can be used to help the student record their feelings or so the lessons, what went right and what can be improved on. This will en up to(p) me to assess whether I am teaching at the level level or if I need to adjust my plan and methods. * Observations. I can passport around the room and observe the students work eon taking anecdotal nones.Summative Assessments are carried out at the end of a course to measure how much has been retained and where necessary can be articulated. This is usually through * End of year formal tests or exams. To see what they have learnt over the year. * Portfolio This is a collect ion of the students work throughout the course.1.2 Analyse how assessment methods are used in lifelong scholarship * To identify what prior knowledge a student has, I would bring about a self-assessment questionnaire that requires specific answers, (tick boxes). I would then have this into my session plan. * Diaries or Learning Journals would be used to document on-going learning from each session. draw near can then be measured and any gaps in teaching or learning can be then addressed. * Simulation would b e used to see if students are competent to understand instructions and how puff up they are able to reproduce what they have seen or heard, and how they might use them in everyday life. * Assignments would evaluate how well student are able to research particular motifs then put their findings into words. * Discussions or debates are a dear(p) vehicle for assessment when other methods whitethorn be touchy to manage. * Peer feedback where fellow students give their comments and ask questions for clarity.1.3 Evaluate strengths of assessments methods to meet man-to-man leaner needs * Quizzes and puzzles can be used as an on the loose(p) way to assess if learning is taking place. However if the decide is to measure individual learning the questions would need to be varied. The most effective way to do this would be to have the assessment computer generated this is not constantly possible if the correct software or facility is not available. * Diaries or learning journals, aid to literacy and language skills. The student would also be able to spring back on what they have learnt this will also build their confidence to self-assess. In order for this to work, there needs to be lite aims and objectives so the outcome is properly measured. * A portfolio is a formal way to gather certify that has been produced over a period of time practical application all topics taught on a course. This would need to be checked for things such(prenominal) as plagiarism if the information used was current and properly referenced.* quality play is another assessment method. The students will be given a scenario from their lesson they will then have the opportunity to act out what they have understood, linking theory to practice. at that place needs to be clear explanations given as this can be time consuming and not all students may feel comfortable doing habit plays. * Examinations can assess what students have retained. By just recalling information they have learnt or by using loose book method whereby they refer to notes or reference books. The devour situation of this is that students may have only been taught what is needed to pass the exam and not retain any of the other theories they may need at a later stage.2.1 Evaluate how to involve learners in the assessment process As a teacher I will carry out miscellaneous methods of assessment. To maintain continuous improvement I will involve my students in the process. Giving my students clear guide lines I can get them to do peer to peer assessments, where they will give written or oral feedback to each other. This will allow more focus on the subject organism taught encourage communication with each other, and where they may discover nearly common ground.Sometimes comments coming from a peer can be better received than from the teacher. Checking their own work and progress through self-assessment is recyclable as this gives an opportunity for students to take a step back and reflect on what their objectives and whether they attained them. I will also conduct one to one tutorials, where we can discuss their objectives, progress and development. This will demonstrate substantiating and individual inclusion. Assessment is a term given to checking that learning has occurred. It may happen at any stage during the learners progress through their qualification. Wilson L. (2009). page112. Assessments are also a tool to do and boost the confidence of students.2.2 Analyse the role of peer and self assessment in the assessment process Peer assessments are a good means of confirming and sharing ideas. During our micro-teach sessions I was able to describe my observations and excuse how I reached that conclusion. My peers would agree or get me to look at what I had expressed in a different way. We would discuss and come to a consensus. We had to think carefully how to put our thoughts down on paper, so they were creative and encouraging.Looking at the peer assessment on m y own capital punishment for the delivery of a micro-teach session. I was pleased with the feedback. It clearly showed what I am confident in what I need to improve on and what I should consider for future delivery. Their feedback was encouraging and it has confirmed that I have make the correct decision in what I am want to do career-wise.I found putting into practice what I already know with what I have learnt over the past few weeks very useful. There were some challenges I had when creating my own micro-teach session, this is all part of the learning process for me. As the session I delivered came to an end I had already started to do a mental self- assessment. It was useful to be able to put down my own thoughts on paper as they came to me to know what I need to include going forward.3.1 Explain the need to keep records of assessment learning Assessments should be documented so there is some form of evidence as to what has been taught, how the learning is evaluated and was any progress make. Records also serve for the purpose of verification, in relation to audits for quality assurance and restrictive bodies, such as Ofsted.The assumeing are some of the following records that may be kept. * Assessment tracking, this can be used to show development and if the students requirements are being met. * Feedback and action records are used to show that a student has had feedback, what the concord follow up is, and when it is to be carried out. * Learning styles results will aid with inclusiveness when reviewing or creating new session plans. * Appeal records are where a student has submitted in writing their reasons as to why they disagree with a formal decision that has been made. This can be used at a later get a line as part of that process. * Enrolment forms to confirm the students detail are correct, point of contact in the case of an emergency whether they are permitted to study. What the student signed up for, and are they are on correct course.3.2 Summarise requirements for keeping records in an scheme As part of my role I am going to make sure I follow the guide lines that are in place for me to keep records for an organisation, as these are regularly audited and reviewed. This will provide an audit trail of my students learning. Confidentiality must be maintained at all times by any organisation holding personal data to stay in line with the regulatory bodies (Data Protection Act). Records that are kept must be accurate, legible and current. There should be specific rules as to when information is considered obsolete. (This is usually about tierce years). Students have the right to request their records held about them. (Freedom of Information Act) if they are ledger entry into an appeal process.A backup copy of records must be made whether electronically or paper based so if one is upset there is always a duplicate.Consistency. You will always ensure that the methods and the opportuneness of your assessments are at a l evel standard, making certain disregarding of how and when your learners are assessed, the outcomes are constant. Wilson L. page 274.BibliographyGravells A. (2012) Preparing to Teach in the lifelong Learning Sector Wilson L. (2009) Practical Teaching A Guide to PTLLS & antiophthalmic factor DTLLS.

Similarities Between Northern and Southern American Colonies

The northernmostern and Southern colonies had many similarities surrounded by the years of 1607 to 1763, but the idea that they were more similar than contrastive is vastly incorrect. The economy in the Southern colonies was based sullen of planting and break ones back labor, which was genuinely common, while land in the northerly colonies, for the most part, was not fertile enough to support planting. Another difference between the North and South was that government activity and the church had very close ties in the North, compared to a representative self-government in the South, separate from any church.People and towns were in like manner far apart for churches to flourish in the South, whereas in the North, religion was very important and often taken to primitives. In the Southern colonies, tobacco was a huge crop, and the economy of several colonies was based almost entirely saturnine of it. The history of tobacco is relatively shortby 1612, John Rolfe had amelio rate methods of arouseing tobacco that eliminated most of the bitterness of the leaf. After the first shipload of tobacco was sent to Europe, the European hatful quickly developed a high demand for it, one which American colonists were more than happy to fulfill.Because of the sharp incredibly high demand for tobacco, colonists were overwhelmed, and planted tobacco anywhere they could, including the foot stanch next to the street and between graves. The tobacco- upgradeing frenzy was so huge that colonists in the South had to import some of their foodstuffs at first, for they were not able to advance it themselves with all their land being used for tobacco. Because the crop of tobacco robs the shit of its nutrients so quickly, the demand for land exponentially increased, which led to an increased withdraw for workers, preferably cheap, which is when wealthy planters turned to slavery.In comparison, the land in the Yankee colonies was mostly glaciated soil, with stones in th e dirt forced to the surface by and by every winter. Because of the rocky soil, staple crops did not grow well and so black slavery was not profitable in the North. Colonists who realized they would not be able to befuddle much of a living off of the land became good at other things. Shipbuilding, fishing, and commerce were among the main professions in northerly colonies, due to the excessive fishing opportunities. Governing styles is another study difference between the Federal and Southern colonies.The first self-controlled government was schematic in Virginia, one of the Southern colonies, in 1619, the House of Burgesses. This was somewhat similar to the British parliament, met once a year in Jamestown, and was made up of twenty-two people. These twenty-two people were the governor of the colony, six prominent citizens hand-selected by the governor, and fifteen burgesses, or representatives, from varied locales, usually the larger plantations in the area. Overall, the peopl e controlled the government in the South. This fact could be disputed about Northern government.In the Northern colonies, the government was more inclusive than it had been in the early(prenominal) in that all freemen could vote. Freemen were adult virile landowners who belonged to the Puritan congregation. All male property owners could be involved in town government, regardless of whether or not they were Puritan. They would participate in town meetings, where matters large and small were discussed, debated, and figure out by the people of the town themselves. According to the doctrine of the covenant followed by Northern colonists, the role of government was to enforce Gods laws, which use to both believers and non-believers.Even with the government being so religious, clergymen were not allowed to hold an official political office, which led to the idea of the withdrawal of church and state. The separation of towns was more of an issue in the South than the separation of chu rch and state, in terms of religion. Because of the vast amounts of land needed by plantation owners to grow tobacco and other staple crops, towns and people were spread out, which slowed urban training significantly and also made the establishment of churches and schools difficult and expensive.Nevertheless, there was hitherto religion in the Southern coloniesthe vast majority of colonists were Anglican. In the Northern colonies, there were many churches, of several religious groups. Puritans and Quakers were the dominant religious groups in the North, though Quakers would not abide by laws set by the Puritans, so they were fined, flogged, and banished. In one extreme case, four Quakers, one a woman, who defied bump from their colony, were hanged.An extremist Puritan by the name of Anne Hutchinson claimed that a holy career was no true sign of salvation, and that the truly saved were going to promised land no matter what they did in their life, so they would not need to pursu e neither Gods nor mans law. At the time, this was considered antinomianism and extreme heresy, so Anne was banished from her colony and forced to move. In conclusion, the Northern and Southern colonies did micturate many things in common, but the thought that they were more similar than different from the year 1607 to 1763 is an immense misconception.In the Northern colonies, it was not possible to grow staple crops because of the rocky soil, so settlers turned to other ways to make a profit than agriculture and slavery, while in the South, slavery and tobacco farming were the sole source of income for several colonies. The government in Northern colonies had close ties to the Puritan church, while in Southern colonies the style of government leaned towards self-representative. Churches were not common in Southern colonies, while they were of utmost importance, and often taken to extremes in Northern colonies.

Cornel West’s contribution to African/Amercian Philosophy Essay

Cornel west, innate(p) June 02, 1953, is an American philosopher, author, actor (some of you may know him from Matrix Reloaded and Revolutions), civil rights activistic and prominent member of the Democratic Socialists of America. West, commonly known for his blend of political and moral insight and criticism and his contribution to the post-1960s civil rights movement, focuses primarily on the roles of race, class and gender in America. West pulls scholarly contributions from such change traditions as the African American Baptist Church, pragmatism and transcendentalism.Wests bring was a civilian U. S. Air Force administrator and his mother an dim-witted school teacher and eventually a principal. During Wests childishness the family settled in an African American working-class neighbourhood in Sacramento, California. There West regularly attended services at the topical anaesthetic Baptist church, where he listened to moving testimonials of privation, struggle, and faith from parishioners whose grandparents had been slaves. Another influence on West during this time was the Black Panther Party, whose Sacramento offices were near the church he attended.The Panthers impressed upon him the importance of political activism at the local level and introduced him to the literature of Karl Marx. In 1970, at age 17, West entered Harvard University on a scholarship, did graduate school in philosophy at Princeton University, where he was influenced by the American pragmatist philosopher Richard Rorty, and after receiving his doctoral degree in 1980, West taught philosophy, religion, and African American studies at several colleges and universities, including Yale University, the University of Paris, Princeton University, and Harvard University.His books world(a)ly combines Christian moral sensibility with a form of philosophical tradtition influenced by American pragmatism. For example, his book Race Matters, West, who decisively participated in several demonstr ations, was always a political activist and an academic, and this created a conflict which led to him resigning from his post at Harvard. His best-known work, Race Matters, a collection of essays, was published exactly one year after the jump-start of riots in Los Angeles that were sparked by the acquittal of four white policemen on charges of aggravate assault in the beating of Rodney King, an African American motorist.The book discussed the general hopelessness and nihilism of African Americans in poverty and condemned African-American leaders for pursuing policies that West believed were thoughtless, narrow-minded, or self-serving. West refers to the United States as a racist patriarchal society in which everyday life is categorize based on the notion of white supremacy. He criticizes the whites as being weak in the struggle to gain acceptance for blacks, and therefore he argues the 9 11 attack gave the whites an indication into what it means to be a black persons living in t he US feeling unsafe, unprotected, hated, and subjected to stochastic violence.

Judith- Compare and Contrast

Judith hoar face and Vulgate Versions Upon looking closely at the Old English and Vulgate recitals of Judith, one ordure catch a glimpse of how culture was during the time they were written by comparing and line of descenting the elements of the story that ar presented and modified. The distinct differences that can be found amongst the Old English and the vulgate meter readings of Judith provide a class view of what the Anglo-Saxons considered to be distinguished, and what they felt required respect.When comparing and tell apart these both magnetic variations, one can utilize other Old English full treatment much(prenominal) as Beowulf and The scouter to clearly spot the differences and connaturalities to receive around insight into the culture and feelings of the Anglo-Saxons. One of the similarities that is shared between both readings of Judith, Beowulf and the Wanderer is an inherent need to extolment divinity fudge and give Him the eminence for any of the ir actions and accomplishments.Right from the start this idea is seen in the Old English version of Judith whenever it is said, That God the Creator might free her from fear thereby showing the flare need that the Anglo-Saxons felt for a God who would cherish them and help them in their endeavors (Judith 4). Judith being freed from her fear is mirrored by Beowulfs confidence in the Lord whenever he proclaims, wise God, volition allot glory, as seems naming to Him showing that he has complete trust in who God will choose to win in his gristly engagement with the demon Grendel (Beowulf 686-687).The tot up of faith that the Anglo-Saxons had in God was very great that he would protect them in battle and all of their endeavors. This opinion is reflected in the apocryphal version of Judith with her being described as, a holy woman, and one fearing of God ( bulk of Judith 829). The respect and deference shown by Judith in both the apocryphal version of the story and the Old English v ersion show a similar respect for God and a tendency to praise him.This tendency to praise and fear God is resonating of Beowulf whenever he allots his victory the gifts that God has granted him being the only reason he was able to overcome the monstrous brood of Cain. All of these stories, whether it is the differing versions of the Book of Judith or the epic of Beowulf, seem to pay a true desire to glorify God and to even thank him for every victory or effort that the main characters engage in. discern apart with the previous idea presented is the thought that the Anglo-Saxons put too much speech pattern upon their own abilities to fight and battle rather than glorifying and thanking God for their victories.This idea is first off shown in the Anglo Saxon version Judith whenever she prays, that I may oerthrow, with this steel the destroyer bestow on me weal (Judith Ch. 10). A contrast with this is shown in the apocryphal Judith with the emphasis place on Judiths designs w in and succeeding not for her own benefit but for the glory of God (Book of Judith 831-33). Judith in the Anglo-Saxon version asks for the Lord to bestow upon her the power to hit her enemies with her sword rather than planning as the apocryphal Judith states.This reflects the Anglo-Saxon sentiment that problems had to be settled by dint of fighting and the spilling of blood. Although the apocryphal Judith does have its somewhat share of blood and fighting, the emphasis on the story is placed on Gods power and not the violence that takes place. This point is upgrade built upon with the idea that it seems that a lot of the time the emphasis in the relationship between the Anglo-Saxon geniuses and heroines is placed on the human replica rather than focusing all the glory upon God.The fine atmosphere between glorifying ones self and glorifying God is a fine line that the Old English Anglo-Saxons seem to walk and not always last out on. Further evidence of the Anglo-Saxons insis tence upon their own glory is found between the contrasting pictures given to us by the variant versions of Judith where in the Anglo Saxon version at the very end, Judith was praised for all this Him, Sabaoths Lord, who bestowed on her honor, On earth highest worship while in the Book of Judith the story ends with God being provided the everlasting glory in summation to Judith receiving some recognition (Judith Ch. 0, Book of Judith 1623). The idea of Judith being a warrior for the rest of her life seeking glory and fighting in battle was most likely an idea that the Anglo-Saxons could not give up on and shows the need their culture had for heroes that garnered glory. A difference clearly illuminated by examining the two works is the role of women in Anglo-Saxon culture. The Anglo-Saxon version of Judith clearly illustrates the idea of a Valkyrie, a woman who is not acrophobic to battle, and revels in the thought of Judith being a strong captain or even warrior who leads her peo ple to a bloody victory.This conception is evidenced by how Judith is characterized in the Anglo-Saxon version being portrayed as a valiant virgin with nerve and vigor (Judith Ch. 10). This stands in stark contrast to the book of Judith verses three through four where Judith is revealed to be a leave who has lived alone for three years and four months. Its obvious by looking at these two different stories that one can tell what was important to the Anglo-Saxon people. A young woman strong and still without a care in the world besides who she was fighting would petition greatly to the warrior culture of the Anglo-Saxons.But the book of Judith reveals to us a woman in deep sadness who has fasted all the days of her widowhood and who has never picked up a weapon (Book of Judith 86). This belief of a warrior woman held by the Old English people is significant in that it reflects the strongly held beliefs of what a hero should be like to the Anglo Saxon people. There is a certain tal ly of significance in the detailed tomography that the Anglo-Saxons added to the story of Judith. One such example is the brutal murder of Holofernes that Judith commits.In verse 8 of the Book of Judith, Judith swings twice with the sword that she found above Holofernes bed and neatly severs the guys head off. Its pretty interesting that this part of the story stay exactly the same in the Anglo-Saxon version except that in the Anglo-Saxon version we get some really graphic imagery of the act taking place. In the Anglo-Saxon story we get phrases like, So that his head rolled the body so foul, lay lifeless cigarette that really capture the gruesome personality of cutting someones head off (Judith Ch. 10).This type of graphic imagery is very reminiscent of some of the more brutal Beowulf scenes such as the scene where Grendel enters Heorot and begins to terrify one poor, unlucky soul. Phrases such as, bit into the bone-locks and drank blood from his veins conjure up very graphic images that Anglo-Saxons would find pleasing and entertaining yet are not as valuable in a biblical scope (Beowulf 742). This inclusion of graphic imagery in the Anglo-Saxon version of Judith shows an important cultural trait of the Anglo-Saxons in their depiction of bloody events.This violent nature contrasts with the original version of Judith which, although violent, is not graphically disturbing. These two different versions of Judith type the traits of the culture of the Anglo-Saxons and illustrate the things that they held to be important in stories. Comparing and contrasting the ways in which the Anglo-Saxons viewed glorifying God reveals a true effort on their part to see Him glorified, but also shows that they believed so much in the glorified warrior that many times this was difficult.Looking at the differences in the way in which the Anglo-Saxons viewed what a woman warrior could be revealed their belief in a make bold heroine flying into the face of danger and coming out victorious. Focusing on the differences and similarities of the Anglo-Saxon Judith and the Apocryphal Judith through a lens of what one knows through stories such as Beowulf gives one an excellent view of the ideas and virtues that the Anglo-Saxons held dear.